Thursday, August 30, 2012

Jim Willie: Morgan Stanley Faces IMMINENT FAILURE & RUIN, May See 1st Private Stock Account Thefts
August 29, 2012

Willie states that Morgan Stanley faces IMMINENT FAILURE & RUIN, that The older employees are selling all of their stock, and that Many workers are making contingency plans for their next positions in another firm.

He states that JP Morgan will devour the carcass, and that The Morgue may be preparing to execute the 1st ever private stock account vaporization/ rehypothecation.
AN ABSOLUTE MUST READ!!! 
 
Begin with a preface to a meaningful event that could change the entire US landscape, a redux of what happened four years ago. Consider the next Wall Street financial firm failure. It is in progress. It is not avoidable. It will have numerous ramifications. It will open the door to account thefts, the burial of documents, the ransack of undesired leveraged positions, the concealment of wrecked derivatives, and a path toward the merger of surviving (selected core) firms. It will urge an extreme defensive posture. Back in 2008, both Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers fell. The former because they had too much gold exposure with anti-US$ hedges. The latter because they led in mortgage exposure. Both failures were greatly exploited.
My favorite item was the reload given to JPMorgan on a quiet Saturday morning (convened at 6am no less) at the Bankruptcy court of Manhattan. The shadowy syndicate titan was handed $138 billion to handle the private accounts from the fallen banks. Instead, the funds represented a reload for JPMorgan to continue their gold suppression game. Of course, they have been defending American freedom with vigor, preserving the integrity of the US banking system, and assuring the way of life in the nation, while leeching $billions from the public trough. Since their grant, the unassailable JPM has seen fit to gobble private accounts at both MFGlobal and PFG-Best, with regulatory blessing as the courts sprinkled fascist holy water.
 
In the background across the globe, numerous currency storm centers have arisen under the noses of every major central bank and their elaborate connected paper factories. The sovereign bond foundation is full of cracks and rotten planks, upon which the entire global currency system rests.
The only people who could have imagined such a grand mess in 2006 and 2007 were the Sound Money crowd, the advocates of gold-backed money, the opponents to debt foundational systems. But then again, we are the nutballs, without a clue, who maintain a myopic view of the world, and see a conspiracy under every rock. Rather, we are the insightful, the alert, the rational clear thinking bunch, the guardians against hidden confiscation through inflation, the intrepid defenders of life savings. We identify the corruption and thus are discredited. Gold will return to its rightful place as the core of monetary systems and trade systems, all in time. The system is imploding at a more rapid pace with each passing month.
 
MORGAN STANLEY IMPLOSION


The insider conversation, often called chatter when it become deafening in tone, is that Morgan Stanley faces imminent failure and ruin. Almost two weeks ago, the Jackass provided a tip to Bill Murphy of GATA to post on his popular LeMetropole Cafe that Morgan Stanley fund managers and high ranking employees were preparing for the firm’s implosion. A subscriber to the Hat Trick Letter has a good friend whose father works as a fund manager and provided the story. It was not detailed, and bore no follow-up after my request. The older employees are selling all of their stock, some legacy stock from one or two decades ago. Many workers are making contingency plans for their next positions in another firm.
When Lehman Brothers was killed, thousands of employees had to find new jobs, some without success. In the last week, the shock waves are being heard from internal Wall Street sources in an unequivocal manner. The implosion is in progress, like the collapse of several platforms and structural cables. The inside is caving in, and the ranking members recognize it, even talk about it openly. Much discussion swirls about a transition to antiquated software that is greatly disturbing the trading desks, causing tremendous problems at precisely the wrong time. A redux of the Knight disaster could be in progress.
 
Some like Rick Wiles of TruNews report that MS is heading for the sacrificial altar. Such an event would imply an expected benefit hoped for and beseeched. My view is in parallel but more of a harmful implosion that cannot be prevented, one that the Wall Street titans will face grand challenges to control, one they will not be able to exploit in the hidden corners where they operate. MS is going to the slaughterhouse, not the altar. Its implosion will result from lost control, and the reversion to antiquated systems will only hasten their demise. Wall Street will wish to exploit the failure, like stealing funds, like destroying documents, like concealing derivative positions, like receiving government slush funds for slimy patch projects, their usual Modus Operandi. In criminal parlance, they will create a black hole into which things vanish. They will attempt to add to the confusion, which might itself backfire and deliver more lethal challenges to the entire USDollar & USTreasury complex. This time, the spotlights will shine more brightly to reveal the activity in the shadows and crevices.
 
The part that many analysts might miss is that Morgan Stanley has perhaps over 300 thousand private stock brokerage accounts, with over 17,500 brokers. In the past two decades, MS merged with Dean Witter and Smith Barney to become the premier stock house with the most private accounts of any US-based stock brokerage firm. The Morgan Stanley failure might feature the first theft of private stock accounts. The critical jump might occur in account thefts from futures brokerage to stock brokerage, which began in November 2011 with MFGlobal, then appeared in July with Peregrine Financial Group (PFG-Best). All private accounts from MFG and PFG have been pilfered, with a blessing of the theft by the courts, seen in the Sentinel Mgmt Group ruling. The federal Appellate court’s August ruling (CLICK HERE) sets precedent for future private segregated account thefts, which were once considered sacred and untouchable.
No more in the United States, not in the unfolding of criminality that stretches from USGovt offices to top corporate offices, with blessings sprinkled by the courts. The jump would be a major extension of the Fascist Business Model that nobody talks about. The major financial firms can rely upon this appellate court ruling as precedent, so as to protect their legal right to re-hypothecate client funds in their high risk leveraged positions and loans. It sure would be nice to use my neighbor’s house and car to firm up my casino weekends. Stay tuned to the ongoing Morgan Stanley implosion, which could force the vanishing act of 50 to  100 thousand private stock accounts. The firm is the largest stock brokerage firm in the land. The dreadful impact will be nasty and might awaken the US masses. MFGlobal and PFG-Best surely did not.
 
Imagine the hue and cry from the poorly informed and poorly focused sheeple masses who have been quick to use the conspiracy nutball labels, when their stock accounts vaporize in re-hypothecation made legal. The zillions of IRA and 401k accounts could also become collateral damage. This has been a Jackass warning for several months, largely unheeded. If one is to search for a hidden impact from the Morgan Stanley implosion, look no further than their large gaggle of dangerous and highly deceptive Interest Rate Swap contract book. They appear in the ledger item of interest rate derivatives in the usually ignored Office of Comptroller to the Currency report issued periodically. In early 2011, Morgan Stanley stuck out like a huge iridescent purple thumb with their $8 trillion in new interest rate derivatives, believed to be 90% Interest Rate Swap contracts. 


You see, that is precisely when the false flight to safe haven was engineered. The USTreasury was in danger of rising, seen in January 2011 as the TNX went from 3.3% to 3.75% on a touch. Enter the powerful IRSwaps run by the dark control room at trusty Morgan Stanley, and poof, the flight to safety was fabricated from artificial demand of USTBonds with no basis in tangible investment flows. The application of $8 trillion in Interest Rate Swap contracts pushed the 10-year UST yield from over 3.5% to 2.0% flat in the space of a mere five months. The sheep followed the Wall Street lead without knowledge of the IRSwap heavy lifting. The USGovt could not afford a bout with bond market reality in a relentless move over 4.0% on the all-important sovereign bond for the nation looking more and more Third World that has corrupted the global reserve currency beyond recognition while the annual $1.3 to $1.5 trillion deficits must be financed, alongside the endless 1984-like war costs.


 
Hundreds of questions will come, but the big questions to pose regarding the ongoing implosion of Morgan Stanley are:
HOW MANY PRIVATE STOCK ACCOUNTS WILL GO MISSING ??
WILL THE INTEREST RATE SWAP GAME BE EXPOSED ??
WILL MOVEMENT OF STOLEN WORLD TRADE ASSETS SURFACE ??
WHICH EUROPEAN BANKS WOULD FOLD IN SYMPATHY ??
 
My European banker source indicates that as Morgan Stanley suffers the spectacle of failure, so will both Deutsche Bank in Germany and Credit Agricole in France collapse. The three failures will bring about other failures, like in London, as the entire Western banking system will be brought to its knees. In short, this event could serve as a jump in thefts from segregated futures brokerage to stock brokerage accounts, causing more collapses and certain bank runs. Witness the full glory of the Fascist Business Model. Much discussion has come from corners like Steve Quayle, concerning the potential merger of all surviving Wall Street banks into JPMorgan and Goldman Sachs. That would mean Citigroup and Bank of America would fold under the new twin towers of financial tyranny, as the Jackass prefers to call them. So after eleven years since the well planned and highly coordinated collapse of the Twin Towers to conceal the grandest bank heist in US history, the emergence of the new Twin Towers with deep intricate financial root cellars is being hatched. It will fail.
 
Some very bright contacts have suggested that such a last ditch merger feat could not be pulled off in the current environment. Many reasons can be cited. The insolvency of the big US banks demands some consolidation if not liquidation. However, they are under siege. They are all under scrutiny for LIBOR price collusion and violations. They are all involved in court deals over bond market fraud. They are all involved in court deals over mortgage contract fraud. They might appear to evade the law in blatant manner if they attempted to merge. The LIBOR case effectively isolated the big US banks in a way not visible. In an environment where they do not talk to each other under legal counsel, they will hardly climb the enormous hill of merger talks. A hidden reason might lurk to explain why the big US banks cannot merge under the twin tower JPM/GS roof. They all struggle under the grand de-leverage process to contain the derivative monsters in their basements, which hold together vast systems with high pressure cable lines. Any merger attempt would result in mindboggling pressures, unavoidable failures, and incredible confusion DURING THE TRANSITION in merger. No way! No how! Too late!
 
CENTRAL BANKS FAILURE OBVIOUS


A tour around the world leaves a person’s head spinning. The financial system spun out of control long ago. The central banks cannot control the mayhem in the currency market. The confirmation is that for over three full years, the official interest rate in the Untied States, Britain, Europe, and Japan has been near zero. This is unprecedented, and serves as a massive signal flare of systemic failure. The stimulus is nowhere except to speculate, surely not to conduct enduring capital buildout. USFed Chairman Bernanke has announced more open Quantitative Easing, which never stopped. Worse, the Jackass is of the opinion that nobody really knows what QE means anymore, except that it will save the financial markets, save our life savings, save pensions, and save the planet. All hail Prince Benjamin! The Operation Twist is being seen for the sham it is. The ugly fact of life for the USFed balance sheet is that the clumsy Chairman Ben has run out of short-term USTBills with which to offset the long-term USTBond purchases. The self-styled Twister has exhausted its fuel. To keep the game going, the secretly desperate USFed must resort to unsterilized pure hyper monetary inflation of the nasty variety. See the TFMetals Report on how the USFed is out of bullets, with no more USTBills in its arsenal. See the TFMetals Reports (CLICK HERE).
 
The other major central banks are in extreme defensive postures. The announced cap on European sovereign bond yields on its face sounds absurd. No free market there, certainly not with any equilibrium basis. Lacking the advantage of a global reserve currency, the Euro bankers wish to impose by force the cancerous benefit of the USTBond safe haven phony bunker. The bond yield cap by Draghi should be seen as a massive signal flare of systemic failure to those with open eyes. The deed was done in the open, and follows suit with the cap on US yields done in hidden manner with the IRSwaps.
 
Hardly in view for the mainstream minions, the Japanese central bank has been a major buyer of USTBonds, in a new twist. The volume of the Bank of Japan purchases is essentially equal to the sales by China, so net zero Asian effect. That leaves the USFed alone on a net basis, as only buyer of US toxic toilet paper that quickly shows brown stains from bruised banker wounds and red stains from endless war battlefield wounds. The USFed is financing almost the entire USGovt debt, and the dumkopfs in the pits, in front of screens, and from household dens are wondering when the next QE will come. They are more gullible and dumber than any English words can be used to describe them. If the USFed financed 100% of the USGovt deficit via debt monetization, just exactly when might the American professionals and public notice?? Probably never!! Observe the movement up in the Japanese Yen currency. Its rise serves as further motive for them to invest in USTBonds, even if increasingly toxic with each passing month, even if supported by a vast derivative machinery that reveals itself slowly, even if the USGovt deficits remain fixed over $1.3 trillion. As footnote, the nation of Japan has more diaper sales for adults than babies. The sun is setting on 

Japan Inc.

.
 


PAPER SOLUTION DELUSION

A strongly held Jackass belief goes contrary to many simplistic viewpoints by some smart people within the gold camp. My source has taught me well, but my comprehension is surely lacking in spots. Let it be known that many smart people do not comprehend this phenomenon. A few key colleagues have stated that the big Western banks could be fixed overnight by grand cash dispensation on a grand scale from the Printing Pre$$ by the USFed and Euro Central Bank. Not so, emphatically not so! The big broken banks of the US, London, and Europe cannot be fixed by printed money. They have vast and complex broken paper asset structural problems that cannot be repaired. It is like a poorly designed car with badly calibrated cylinder strokes, misaligned transmission drive shaft, an inadequate cooling system, and poorly designed torsion bars going into the shop. The best mechanics could not repair it, as they would suggest scrapping the entire mess. Such are the big banks. They possess wrong sided positions that have started a chain reaction of disasters. Their positions constantly trigger margin calls. Cash cannot fix their predicaments. Their margin credit extension is abnormal, outside the usual channels. They are stuck, unable to comply with arranged contracts from years ago under different rules. Their lattice work is broken and not repairable, not with cash.
 
The Eastern Coalition is busily applying the screws, confronting the deeply decayed margin inadequacy, and forcing relinquishment of gold bullion. The loss of gold loudly signifies that gold is money, and cash is not. The big banks have broken pieces that invite opponent attacks, like the JPMorgan position with sovereign bonds and their complex USTBond structure defending the artificial 0% rate by the Interest Rate Swaps. The big banks also have major unresolvable problems with allocated gold taken, that the owners want back, including extremely powerful people.
 
Put the two extreme extraordinary problems together and one can conclude that gold from Allocated Accounts was improperly used as collateral on leveraged trades gone bad!! They face margin calls that are satisfied only by relinquishment of gold bullion. The smoking gun will slowly come into view to launch a new banker scandal. The scandal over Allocated Gold accounts will eclipse the MFGlobal case, and lead to the Gold price rising over $5000 per ounce. Over 40 thousand metric tons of gold have been improperly used, much in this manner, laced throughout the banking structures. No hyperbole here.
 
Printed money cannot and will not fix any of such problems. The big banks are ruined and realize finally they are lined up for a slaughterhouse. Their only remaining option is to cut deals with the new masters and their sheriff. In time they will not be able to locate sufficient volumes of gold bullion to make the margin calls go away. Since February 29th, they have forfeited over 6000 metric tons of gold. Eventually they will run out of gold from Swiss castles and Roman catacombs. Then the game is over and a new dangerous chapter begins.
 
USDOLLAR GLOBAL SHUN


The many moving parts of the isolation of the USDollar are in progress still. However, it has taken some dangerous turns, hardly noticed by the intrepid American Idol populace. The USDollar collapse will come from a foundation of trade settlement no longer conducted in US$ terms. The stench of hyper monetary inflation by collusion between governments and their central bank masters, combined with obscene gargantuan banker aid packages serve as the motive to continue the abandonment by global players. Before too many more months, a critical line will be crossed. More global trade will be conducted outside the US$ settlement sphere. The line will be crossed in non-oil transactions first, then in overall transactions. The American Dome dwellers are not prepared for this development. In every conversation done by the Jackass with ordinary US citizens over several years, not one has any concept of the USDollar and its exchange rate. It is an assumed entity without discussion or consideration. Such is a precarious position to conduct life and business under.
 
The Petro-Dollar is set to be abandoned, as the Saudi Royal family is deposed. Two and three years ago, my firm belief was that the Saudis would choose to switch chariots as the Eastern horses would be favored. The Saudis would see the Anglos are losing their grip on the global helm, suffering from insolvency and rot from corruption. Instead, it seems the Saudis are soon to endure a surprising backlash blow from the Arab Spring uprisings. Not well reported in the controlled panels of the Western press are the high level Syrian deaths. A real battle clearly features the tyrant Assad against his people, striving for freedom. Another battle is between HezBollah and the Saudi security teams. No details will be offered, since not much is known except some of the wretched unfolding of events. By many accounts, their Minister of Security Prince Bandar was just assassinated, perhaps two to three weeks ago. A photograph from mid-August was doctored to show Bandar Bush still alive, according to a source in the Persian Gulf. The apparent kill was revenge for the targeted hits done on the Assad regime. Things are all coming apart in Saudi Land, hardly called collateral damage. What incredible irony if the Petro-Dollar is collateral damage from the Syrian projects. What irony if the Arab Spring begun by the QE1 with blowback from rising food prices, encouraged by the US security agencies, delivers a blowback to knock the USDollar of its oil studded throne.
 
Many questions persist, beyond the scope of this newsletter. The ultimate cost could eventually be the Fall of the House of Saud after almost 60 years reign, and the deposed USDollar as global reserve currency. My best source of information in the region has for 18 months stressed the importance of Yemen for Saudi stability. Yemen is a furious hotbed, as is Djibouti and Ethiopia, where soldiers clash between the SuperPowers.
 
TROUBLE IN MINING CAMPS


Certain events are highly disturbing, not at all connected. South African miners are on strike in scattered locations, such as across Latin America. It is not orchestrated, since a reaction to global economic decline. The miners want a bigger share of the pie, and resist the signs of exploitation even if it is not blatant. In some sites in South America, good fair deals are struck with reasonable royalty paid to governments. In other sites, the violence is in the open, with claims of dangerous worker conditions, water pollution, and worse. But in South Africa, once the global stellar leader in gold production, police and corporate security officials fired upon the crowd and killed dozens of workers during a demonstration. The hostile positions of miners versus the corporate firms is becoming stark and clear. The unfortunate outcome is that gold and silver mine output will surely go into worse decline. The Jackass forecast is that from the global mine output factor alone, the physical precious metal prices will rise, while the mining stock share prices will fall. Output risk joins jurisdiction risk and dilution risk for the mining companies. For every mining stock winner, expect 20 to 30 losers.
 
THE STUN GUN & SINKING SAND


The USEconomy is suffering from three powerful effects, none obvious, but all deadly. They continue to plague the nation, to drag it down, and to assure a systemic failure. Many readers send critical notes about my view of a systemic failure, arguing that remedy is going to succeed, given enough time. They cannot foresee a USGovt debt default, even colleagues in discussion. Some expect a nasty price inflation bout like a rising blister. But the Jackass expectation is of an unwieldy US$/USTBond complex that falls apart from internal stresses that render management absolutely impossible. We have begun to see this effect, like in colossal applications of Interest Rate Swap contracts, like in growing announced JPMorgan losses, like in MFG and PFG account thefts, like in ruined corporate paper, like in draconian money market rules, like in shattered pension funds. These are the blisters and boils from the US$/USTBond complex gone amok. They are not reported as such. They are all reported as isolated treatable ailments. They are not perceived as systemic breakdown symptoms. They are very much effluent from the failure in progress.
 
1) Like from a stun gun across applied across the land, recognition of a failed system has entered the public consciousness. Three years of 0% stimulus, $trillions in rescue aid, countless federal home loan programs, ongoing bond monetizations, nationalized companies, and more have accomplished nothing. The corporate response has not been to invest and rebuild. The housing market remains in ruins, unaffected by the sub-4% mortgage rates and revived reckless federal home loan offerings (subprime again) with minimal down payments. No more home equity ATM machines to support the national consumerism mantras. Imagine in 2008 to be told that the US housing market would be unable to respond to 3.55% fixed 30-year mortgage rates. The experts might have claimed that such a development would indicate a ruined market. The states and cities are in fiscal ruins. The federal deficit is out of control. The wars will not be brought to an end. The public population finally is standing up and taking notice. They are frightened. Their futures are seen as bleak. College graduates face bankruptcy almost immediately. The smart among the population expect rising prices and growing shortages.
 
2) From the zero percent interest rate policy (ZIRP) over three full ugly long years, the entire USEconomy corporate landscape is sinking from higher costs and shrinking profits. Capital is failing to produce. Next will be imposed the cost of the national Health Care system, which has its ulterior motives to be sure. Some call it the Insurance TARP. After chip ID implants are enforced, the view might change. Aside from the amplified stress on the business sector, the entire cost structure continues to rise. Notwithstanding the attempts in the last year to smother final demand via economic decline, the costs remain resilient and rising. The most frightening tidbits from the field point to a 50% gasoline demand decline by volume in the last five years, and a 40% decline in California sales tax collected in just the last 12 months. The stubbornly high costs render profit margins as difficult to maintain. The response is to shut down unprofitable business segments, to retire equipment, and to liquidate components of the business. Such is the rancid bitter fruit of the 0% supposed stimulus, more like a two-ton millstone around the nation’s capital neck. US-based businesses are not expanding, except for care for the aged, for bankruptcy counseling, for estate liquidation, for divorce attorneys, and for auctioneers.
 
3) The attack on money market funds is moving apace, in a stealth capital control concept. Systemic risk is posed by a run on money market funds. Oddly, money market funds are no longer the staid boring type sitting on an inert shelf. They are suddenly not cash, by official declaration. The Powerz cannot afford to see that liquidity removed. An attack on the $2.7 trillion in money market funds has come in response. The money market funds serve as scarce capital, a liquidity source that holds together the insolvent banking system. Given how money market funds are the last pool of liquidity that holds together the entire Western banking system, it is under attack to stay put. New rules could force a maintenance of a minimum amount in each account. The new rule concept is called Minimum Balance at Risk (MBR) and is direct capital control applied domestically within the United States. The MBR would be a small fraction (like 5 percent) of each shareholder’s recent balances that could be redeemed but with a delay.
 
The item#1 is recoverable but not with any current Administration or USFed in leadership. It is urgently necessary to liquidate the big US banks, to liquidate the home inventory, and to encourage domestic industry to return to US shores. These three tenets are Jackass cornerstones for recovery. None is pursued actively, none! The enduring policy is to attempt to inflate the debts away, to inflate the bank balance sheets, and to re-inflate the collapsed assets that were so recklessly depended upon in past cycles. Even higher inflation will not solve systemic insolvency. Eventually the confidence in the entire bond system which backs the currency will implode, whose signals are being noticed. Nothing poisons a system more than ruin of money itself. It works like a contamination of the entire blood system for the body economic, which rots all organs and institutions.
 
The item#2 is not fixable, emphatically so, since a rise in interest rate kills the entire system, resulting in game over. The 0% ZIRP regime will remain in place as long as the current power structure remains in place. It is that simple. And while in power, the current 0% policy will assure a continuing erosion in profit margins for business. The asset bubble games are over, the wreckage obvious to anyone with open eyes. We have been watching the housing & mortgage conjob, which led to the Lehman Brothers killjob, followed by the Bernanke Fed handjob, all the while the USCongress missing on the job. The entire USEconomy is sinking into capital quicksand from rising costs. No return on capital, no cost of capital, no preservation of capital, while capital continues to be retired and die. The insane and utterly desperate response by the USFed is to kill demand. They will succeed. But in doing so, they will assure the systemic failure forecasted by the Jackass, to coincide with the USGovt debt default from chaos and unmanageable high winds.
 
The item#3 does not pertain to remedy or fixable, but rather stands as a billboard signal of imminent banking system implosion. The impact will hit the most insolvent and most illiquid, such as Morgan Stanley, Deutsche Bank, and Credit Agricole. Expect another bank in London to fall, unsure which is most vulnerable. The domino aftermath will be the stuff that makes history books in unalterable prose. A progression of risk has hit mortgage bonds a few years ago, sovereign bonds in the last year, and finally money market accounts, which hold together the entire banking system as the last element of liquidity. The Exter Pyramid is at work. The end game is to hold gold, the last asset standing, the only survivor. The restricted money market funds are being corralled by the banking leaders, to make sure they do not exit and roam the fields in search of gold in better pasture. Observe the stealth action toward capital controls in a last ditch to avoid a flood into gold. So bank runs will just be slower in pace.
 
NUMEROUS CURRENCY TWISTERS


China might be making overt moves toward a convertible Yuan currency. The steady decline in their Current Account surplus could prompt a bold move to introduce a gold-backed currency a lot sooner than even the alert observers expect. The latest shocker story is that the Chinese Govt is planning to accumulate another 6000 metric tons of gold in the near future, whose veracity is being questioned. Consider the recent acceleration in Chinese gold accumulation, either the basis core for a gold-backed Yuan alternative to the crippled toxic USDollar, or the basis core for a new global trade settlement system to be introduced very soon. The usually patient Beijing leaders are showing signs of no longer possessing patience. The gold imports from Hong Kong are not simply rising; they are exploding in unprecedented fashion. Something big is going on. The Chinese are diversifying away from USTBonds and into Gold. They are locking up African gold supply and other important industrial metals.
 
The Swiss Franc pegged to the Euro currency is a disaster waiting to happen. The water will overflow the imposed dam wall constructed of paper mache. A tidal wave of European money is seeking safety from the ruptured Euro currency and fast deterioration of the big Euro banks. The Euro will suffer a sudden breakdown just like the USDollar when reality strikes. In order to prevent the Franc from appreciating, the Euro is being bought in droves. In response, the Swiss National Bank (central bank) must buy Euros to prevent their Franc from appreciating from the capital flight. The Swiss central bank sales of the Euro to rebalance its reserves are reinforcing pressure on the broken unified currency. The Swiss central bank is setting itself up to become a bagholder of nightmarish proportions. As the Euro currency becomes a Southern European device to secure PIIGS on a leash, the pressure will build on the more viable currencies like the Swiss Franc. Eventually the peg will break and the Swissy will suddenly be priced 20% to 30% higher, with the Swiss banks the losers. They will be losers at the same time that the big Allocated Gold account class action lawsuits will be ordering awards to the victims. The wreckage and corruption of the Swiss banking system will serve as tomorrow’s headlines.
 
Ordinary Germans are already using Deutsche Marks again. They do not wish to anger the Euro Royalty in Brussels, so it is keep quiet. The nation’s populace was forced officially to trade in the currency for Euro bills and coins when the 2002 year began. At that time the DMark immediately ceased to be legal tender. However, that did not stop 13.2 billion in DMarks, worth EUR 6.75 billion (=US$8.3bn) from remaining tucked in mattresses, basement strongboxes, old books, coat pockets in closets, wall crevices, or in bank safety boxers. It has begun to re-enter the circulation, according to the Bundesbank. The cash volume is more than the EuroZone’s 16 other former currencies combined. From pharmacies to private shopkeepers, the DMark is honored. The Euro currency is on its last legs in Germany. As the European bond crisis rages on, as the big Euro banks teeter without end, as the bank runs pick up steam, the DMark is making a comeback, just like the Lira is in Italy.
 
The USDept Treasury is using its Exchange Stabilization Fund as a secretive $2.4 trillion mutual fund guarantee. In contrast, the Chinese are taking their $3.0 trillion in reserves to offer a trade settlement fund. They wish to establish a core fund to facilitate in trade, but in reality the gesture is intended to grease the next move toward non-US$ payments in trade settlement. The US pension funds see the USTBonds as dead money, since earning next to nothing in interest. Details about a secretive USGovt program to bail out money market mutual funds are finally coming to light. Acting without any explicit congressional authority, the USTreasury has extended guarantees in excess of $2.4 trillion for money market funds. In the 12 months following the infamous failure of Lehman Brothers, the huge official Reserve Primary Fund was depleted. The program ended in September 2009, having prevented a previous run by money market fund investors. Usually, the USDept Treasury has kept the identities of the funds secret that are pulled out for use in emergencies, as well as the total tab. Strange developments are holding the US financial structure together.
 
Be sure to know of three types of USDollars on the global tables and temple cauldrons. A) There are USDollars held inside the United States. They are the most vulnerable to writedowns. Until now, the process has been indirect via price inflation felt the hardest in rising costs. The flat wages tend to aggravate the situation at a time when home equity and pensions are fast doing a vanishing act. Any coordinated movement to write down the USTBonds in the future will result in a direct whack to US wealth, as the impact will be distributed widely within the 50 states. B) There are USDollars held outside the US borders. My best sources tell that this collection of accounted assets will be preserved in value. Interpret that to mean the externally held USDollars will enjoy a fair exchange rate in translation when the time comes for its long dreaded retirement. Despite being unforeseen by large blocks of the masses, the process will occur to their shock and amazement. The shock will be worse felt inside the US Dome since the treatment outside the US will be far more generous than inside. C) There is lastly the USDollars that arrive from trade settlement, from the letters of credit attached to contract satisfaction. Watch the trend grow for non-US$ payments. The new financial structure that will have a clear barter characteristic is waiting in the wings for the more recognized collapse of the current system. At that time, the USDollar credits from trade settlement will go away like water evaporating on a Saudi street.
 
GOLD


Gold & Silver are awakening from a deep sleep after a year-long price consolidation. While the physical story leans toward growing demand and declining supply, all bullish for the precious metals prices, the paper story continues to reek of strongarms, naked shorting, propaganda, and other devious devices. Prepare for a grand divergence between the physical and paper Gold price, as described and warned in this newsletter for many months. Rumblings continue about JPMorgan being in far more trouble than simply CFTC position limits.
They struggle under the gradual breakdown of their derivative machinery that extends far beyond the USTreasury Bond complex, to the currencies and gold market. Renewed hope from August has come for a resurgent price as seasonal factors join with other conditions whereby the bank cartel has weaker hands. Recall the gold cartel has been forced to relinquish over 6000 metric tons in the last six months. The real battleground is with the Gold price in Euro terms, which is pushing for a breakout. That makes sense, since the obvious breakdown is of the European sovereign bonds, the Euro currency, the European big banks, and the Euro Central Bank monetary policy. Notice how the Crude Oil price reveals significant hedging against the USDollar, stubbornly near the $100 per barrel mark despite a fierce global recession. The high cost structure will be maintained, with little relief from relaxation. Recovery will remain an illusion.
 
The Eastern Coalition has not gone away. They still pursue Gold. Perhaps their agents in acquisition are on European holiday. Soon it is back to the desks at work. Expect a price move toward $1800 very soon. Expect a Silver price move also, as it more clearly has broken out from the year-long consolidation, back over $30/oz. Moves in the two metals could come fast and furious. The Eastern world has consistently been big buyers, but now the Western world is seeking safe haven from the ruin in banks and bonds.
 

Friday, August 24, 2012

How Malaysia Handle the Asian Financial Crisis - Final Part


Before we proceed further, we present below a flowchart that will illustrate the dynamics of the Asian Financial Crisis

   
     
                                        













Vicious Cycle of Financial Crisis


Why no alarm Bells before the crisis?
What surprises everybody is that there are no signs on the impending crisis because the economic indicators show no signs of rapid deterioration. The only signs are the falling stocks and property prices. In January 1996, Thailand’s stock market felled 40% as with Korea’s bourse which also felled sharply at the end of 1996. Malaysia’s stock market also dived during the early 1997. The following is the timeline of events occur in Malaysia’s during the 1997 Financial Crisis.



Column1Timeline of Malaysia's response to the 1997 Financial Crisis
DateChronicle of Events during the Asian Financial Crisis
2nd July 1997After exhausted of funds defending the Baht. Thailand decides to float it
10th JulyBank Negara Malaysia intervene in the Forex market to defend the Ringgit
13th AugustMahathir attack rouge speculators and point finger at Soros
27th AugustMalaysia designate the 100 Index linked counters and banned Short Selling
4th SeptMalaysian Ringgit continue to plunge
20th SeptMahathir called for currency trading immoral and be banned in HK
21st Sept 1997Soros calling Mahathir 'a menace to his country'
2nd Oct 1997Meeting in Argentina. Mahathir and Nor Yaakop finalising the Capital Control
5th Dec 1997Malaysia impose tough market measures by Anwar Ibrahim
7th Jan 1998NEAC was formed
16th Feb 1998BNM reduce SRR from 13.5% to 10% in banks. Boosting liquidity in banks.
20th May 1998Asian currencies continue to plunge
20th June 1998Formation of Danaharta as an asset management company to handle NPLs
10th August 1998Danamodal was formed to recapitalise the Banking Sector
16th August 1998KLCI plunge to the lowest at 260 points
1st Sept 1998Imposition of Capital Control



In view of the deterioration of Malaysia’s internal and external sectors, time is of essence. To tackle the problem Malaysia established the NEAC (National Economic Action Council) in 7th January 1998, which was based on ideas and policies of NOC (national Operation Council). NOC was formed as a result of the 1969 racial riots. The NOC was given executive power so it can override all the red tapes and jurisdiction of different ministries to ensure the smooth implementation of policies.

The main objective of the NEAC are as follows :

  1. Restoring both public and investor confidence.
  2. Make sure it will be a soft landing for the economy.
  3. Reposition and revive the economy to enhance competitiveness and also its attractiveness to foreign investors again.
  4. Strengthen the economic fundamentals to ensure vision 2020 will be achieved.

The following is the flowchart of the NEAC structure

 


The NEAC consist of 26 members with the Prime Minister (Dr Mahathir) and Deputy Prime Minister (Anwar Ibrahim) as the Chairman and Deputy Chairman respectively. While the remaining consists of representatives from various Ministries , Governor of Bank Negara Malaysia, EPU, NEAC EXCO, Executive Director, Secretariat, Working Group and the NEAC Communications Team. The NEAC EXCO was chaired by the Prime Minister while the Executive Director was chaired by ex-Finance Minister Tun Daim Zainuddin. The Secretariat was staff by EPU officials and the Working Group members consist of Tan Sri Wan Azmi (Land and General), Datuk Dr Zainal Aznam Yusof (ISIS), Tan Sri Thong Yaw Hong (Public Bank Chairman) and Professor Mahani Zainal. From the above timeline it is clear that even after a series of measures adopted, the Ringgit and stock market is still plunging. Hence as a result, desperate situations needed desperate measures and capital control follows next.


The idea of capital control was originated during Mahathir’s trip to Argentina.  The Chief architect of Malaysia’s capital control is Nor Yakcop. Formerly he was running the foreign exchange trading desk in Bank Negara and the very same man that caused Bank Negara Malaysia to lose about RM 30 billion 20 years ago. Other members of the group that caused the forex scandal includes ex-Prime Minister Dr Mahathir, ex-Finance Minister Daim Zainuddin and ex-Bank Negara Governer Datuk Jaffar Hussein. According to ex-Bank Negara Deputy Manager, Dr Rosli Yaakop the main culprits are Nor Yakcop and Datuk Jaffar in speculating and gambling away Bank Negara funds. To create an impression that Bank Negara had ‘a team of forex traders’ Nor Yackop used his and the staff’s computer to do the buying and selling.


The reason behind the loss of RM30 billion in the foreign exchange misadventure is due to Nor Mohamed Yackop’s bet that the Bank of England would float the Sterling during the 1992 European Financial Crisis. Mahathir ordered Bank Negara to purchase large amount of the Sterling in the hope that it will appreciate once it is floated. Meanwhile his rival on the other end of the bet is George Soros who through his Quantum Fund established short position using currency forward contracts and options to the tune of US10 billion. Other currency speculators sensed the kill soon join in the fray and they together drove the pound down. Soros walked away with US1 billion for a day’s work while leaving Mahathir with more than RM30 billion loss. Later Soros is known as ‘the man who broke The Bank of England’. This is the main reason why Soros was so unpopular with the Malaysian media. He and Mahathir have gone into many heated arguments and name calling later on during the Asian Financial Crisis. 


While in Argentina Mahathir called upon Nor Mohamed Yackop (since he was the only dude that had the most experience with foreign exchange) to enlighten him on the inner workings of the foreign exchange market.At the same time Mahathir asked Nor Mohamed to design the country’s capital control policy. Practically what he (Nor Mohamed) done was he went through the Country's Balance of Payments report line by line looking for any leakages to prevent any capital outflow from the country. 

Needless to say this strategy proved to be too complicated to comprehend and also caused a lot of confusion later on. The border control forms and other forms that designed to track the movement of the ringgit proved to be very confusing. Due to the lack of time and to fast track the process these forms are copied from other countries, presumably from Argentina and other Latin American countries since they are the experts in capital control. For example one of the conditions for funds raised from the sale of equities and other investments had to be remained in the country for a minimum of 12 months. It is not specified whether the residents and the locals are required to do so and consequently it created a lot of confusion. As a result the NEAC Communications Team was formed to deal with the problem and also in educating the people.


Capital Control implementation


The NEAC had been toying with the idea of Capital control many times in the past. Bank Negara Malaysia had been the most ardent opposition to the use of capital control knowing its repercussions or after effects. From empirical analysis of other countries that have adopted capital control, any future capital raising in the international markets will be shunned by investors and hence the costs of funds.


Before we go further into Malaysia’s foray into implementing its capital control, I think its best for us to understand Capital control. When a country runs out of Monetary tools to stabilize its economy and confidence during a financial crisis, the last resort or attempt will be to implement capital control. It will only be implemented when funds are leaving the country in a big way. 


Capital control is an attempt by any Government to introduce policies to control the free flow of funds in and out of the country and also within its borders. Below are some of the more common types of capital control.


  1. Controlling the foreign exchange transactions.
  2. Controlling the international bank transfers
  3. Confiscation of Precious metals like gold and silver
  4. Fixing the Exchange rate
  5. Controlling the amount for bank withdrawals

On the 1st day of September 1998, Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Mohammad announced the capital control. Malaysia's capital control is a mix of the above measures (Rojak in Malaysian) and nothing new at all despite what the press claimed it was unique or one and only in the world because Malaysia did not embrace the IMF. The following measures are taken to ensure that the objectives of stabilizing the Ringgit and control the capital flows are accomplish.



  1. Overseas bound Local travelers are only allowed to take up to RM1,000.
  2. Remittance of funds by residents to overseas are capped at RM10,000.
  3. Ringgit is pegged to the dollar at the rate of RM3.80 to US1 to facilitate trade in the domestic sector.
  4. Any ringgit remains outside of Malaysia considered not legal tender. This is to prevent speculators from borrowing the ringgit offshore to sell it in the domestic market for dollars. In other words to perform short selling on the ringgit and when the ringgit depreciates they will buy it back to repay their offshore ringgit loan.
  5. Any credit facilities obtained overseas need to seek approval first and only companies that earn foreign exchange are allowed to obtain offshore credit.
  6. Funds raised from the sale of equities or other forms of investments need to be remain in the country for 12 months. This is to prevent short-term capital flight.
  7. Clearing of Stocks listed on the KLSE can only be done on the KLSE or its approved exchanges.
  8. RM500 and RM1000 currency notes are made non legal tender to prevent smuggling of Ringgit to neighboring countries.
  9. Dealing of shares in CLOB was made illegal to prevent the flow of funds to Singapore and also discourage the arbitraging of shares between the two exchanges.

Reasons for Malaysia’s success  


The end result of the capital control is it does bring some stability to the economy because the exchange rate had been stabilize and also there is did not exist a black market for the Ringgit. There are many different views on Malaysia’s success in implementing capital without too many repercussions in the short run. The following may offer the best explanations for Malaysia’s success.


  1. Its Authoritarian Government.
Asian values such as maintaining good relationships, respect the elders, upholding harmony and family closeness are some of the reasons that enabled the existence of an Authoritarian Government. Authoritarian Government is one of the main element for the rapid  economic growth in Asean. Singapore’s government under Lee Kuan Yew is often criticized for being too authoritarian and so does Dr Mahathir Mohammad and Indonesia’s Suharto.
Being an authoritarian government it enabled Mahathir to push both state-led and private corporations into cohesion so as to achieve its objective. The pursuit of autonomy on its economy started since the May 13th 1969 racial riots. It was agreed that the main reason for the racial riots is due to the inequality of income distribution between and Chinese and the Malays. The Chinese seems to be predominantly controlling most businesses and hence at the expense of the Malays. In order to ensure more equitable distribution of income The New Economic Policy was born in 1971. To close the gap between the Malays and the Chinese business licenses, monetary assistance, employment in public enterprises, property purchase discount (10%), ownership quota (minimum 30%), universities intake (more than 90%) and a myriad of other discriminatory policies are enacted.


It would be a dream for Western politicians to exert such autonomy on theur economy and its people. So the 1997-1998 crisis provided another platform for Mahathir to seek autonomy and this time from the international investors. At that time (end of June 1998), the Ringgit was plunging towards the RM4.80 mark, capital flight is increasing and interest rate is sky rocketing.

  1. The Crisis is Urban confined
Due to the structural transformation of the Malaysian economy since the 1980s after the Crash of the tin price which was brought about Mahathir’s effort to corner the tin market. It has since more diversified from being an agrarian economy to a manufacturing economy. Import substitution and export-led industries such as electronics are the main activities and contributed much as the engine of growth.

At the same time the high price of agricultural commodities such as palm oil and rubber also helped cushion the impact of the crisis in the rural areas. This is because the rural economy depended much on rubber and palm oil plantations and it not only insulated it from the onslaught of the crisis but also contributed to the vibrancy of the rural economy. Hence , Malaysia had one less problem to tackle and it can now concentrate its fight on the urban economy.

  1. Malaysia’s Debt/GDP was smaller
Due to Bank Negara Malaysia’s stringent control on offshore borrowing by local corporations, Malaysia’s external debt did not pose any danger to its Debt/GDP ratio. This in response to its earlier experience during the 1987-1988 crisis. Only Malaysian companies that are earning foreign receipts are only allowed to raise capital overseas. Hence this helped it to control its external debts especially the short-term ones. The following table shows the Debt/GDP of the most affected countries during the crisis.

Debt/GDP
Country
1996
1997
1998
Malaysia
37.5
42.1
52.6
Korea
27.5
33.3
45.3
Thailand
67.4
68.2
76.1
Indonesia
48.8
52.3
122.5


Hence with a relatively lower than its neighbor Debt/GDP it helped Malaysia to escape much of the brunt of the crisis.

  1. Delayed response to the crisis.
There has been much argument that Malaysia’s delayed response to the crisis is akin to the steps taken to ‘kick the can down the road’ by Western countries to address their financial crisis. Western countries are using all types of measures such as QE, LTROs, TARP, Target2 and etc to inject funds into their economies in an attempt to reflate their economies.

By the time Malaysia imposed the capital control (1st September 1998), the crisis had already devastated other countries by more than a year. Much of the foreign capital that had already left are coming back to ‘bottom fish’ so as to say, since much of the equities and asset prices are offering at rock bottom prices. Further to that those IMF-3 economies that embrace IMF aid are on their way to recovery. Hence, this provided a less risky approach to implement capital control then and spared Malaysia’s on much of the catastrophic effects of capital control such as currency black market.    

Another main reason for the delayed response is the internal bickering between Mahathir and his deputy (Anwar Ibrahim – Finance Minister then). The imposition of the capital control is ‘purposely timed on 1st September 1998’ because they know that Anwar is going to be sacked the next day. If capital control is  impose after Anwar is sacked, then heck there will be another round of capital flight not only from Malaysia but also from the IMF-3. The situation will turned worse and might undermine the recovery efforts of their economies.

  1. Absence of black market currencies
One of the associated side effects of capital control is the creation of a black market for currencies. Due to the increased demand for US$ more people will be willing to pay more Ringgit for the dollar. Hence in the black market instead of the stipulated US$1 to RM 3.80 people are willing to pay more say RM 4.00.

This does not happen in Malaysia because due to the authoritarian nature of the government, Bank Negara Malaysia can exert full control on the commercial bank operations. Commercial banks then are warned not to mess around with the black market and also the government through NEAC liaise the Bank Negara with the Customs Department in order to control the smuggling of the Ringgit and dollars between its border with Singapore and Thailand.  

Since capital control means that the dollar’s movement in and out of Malaysia will be curtailed and this will create an impression that the supply is limited. Hence this will lead people to hoard the currency. Added to this people are afraid when the Ringgit devalues again so they are willing to pay more for the dollar to stash it in their vaults or under the pillow. Such a move will also means that the value of the Ringgit has gone down and hence if not curbed will lead to inflation. Another effect will be the loss of confidence on the Ringgit and traders will refuse to accept Ringgit being afraid that it will lose it value soon. During the crisis I still remember there is a ‘capital flight to safety’ of deposits from local banks to foreign banks. People are withdrawing their savings from local banks because they are afraid that the banks will collapse.

Why took so long?
 


However there have a lot of skeptics from many quarters as to why it took so long for the capital control to be implemented? It took more than one year since the crisis started on 2nd July in Thailand. The following may be the reasons for the delay.

  1. Running out of options. The authorities have tried many selective capital controls and unorthodox economic approach to stabilize the Ringgit to serve as a stop gap measure for it to buy more time so that when other countries recovering Malaysia will then participate in the recovery which will help to turn around their economy.

One of moves involves the selling of dollars by Malaysian exporters with large dollar receipts. The idea is to use the Malaysian companies to sell their dollars for Ringgit which in turn will push up the value of the Ringgit. This will provide more pressure for the currency speculators to cover their shorts and at the same time make it more expensive. However due to the overwhelm sales of the Ringgit by the speculators the local companies are unable to cope and finally gave up their attempt. Unfortunately this scenario did not play out. Since time is of essence and if capital control is not implemented then Malaysia will surely be sent to the Cleaners (bankruptcy) or the IMF.

  1. Timing of the execution. A different approach between Dr Mahathir and his Deputy Anwar Ibrahim who is also the Finance Minister then. Anwar was the blue eye boy of Washington and even the Wall Street Journal called him the ‘calm voice of economic reason’ during the crisis. Anwar prefers the orthodox approach of free market enterprise policies like increasing the interest rate to protect the ringgit and also the contractionary fiscal policies to balance the budget following the lines of the IMF austerity program. Their difference led to the sacking of Anwar on 2nd September, a day after the imposition of the Capital control.
The actual reason as we have already discussed above, for the imposition of the capital control a day earlier was to prevent a ‘second round of capital flight’ from Malaysia. If capital control is not implemented by then, there will surely be another round of massive capital flight and this time Malaysia will not be able to survive the crisis. Hence the IMF will be the next option.

Mahathir know that if the IMF were to allowed to come in then his legacy as well as the NEP’s (New Economic Policy) unfair policies that had been implemented for the past 20 over years will be dismantled. Not only that public enterprises and private corporations that are not competitive will either be sold or merged. 

Malaysia’s bloated civil service will also needed to be trimmed. Loss making banks and other financial institutions will be either closed down or sold to foreign banks. Foreign banks are allowed to own up to 100% equity in local banks like those in Indonesia. Malaysia’s national car project PROTON, Perwaja Steel, all the IPPs (Independent Power Producers), Light Rail Transport, PLUS, Indah Water, AMMB, RHB, Bank Bumiputra, Renong Group and other remnants of crony capitalism will have to go. There will be no more ‘Bumiputra status’ because IMF believes in equal opportunity policies. In other words, Joseph Schumpeter’s creative destruction where survival of the fittest will prevailed.

Long Term Negative effects



In the short term there are not many negative effects on its economy but it was felt in the long run. Malaysia’s image had been tarnished and damage had been done. This is because in the world of international finance there are not many major players and especially in the investment banking and hedge funds it is a tightly knit community. This is one of the reasons why Malaysia is off the radar screen when it comes to Foreign Direct investment. The capital inflows seem to be going to either Thailand, Indonesia or the Philippines and this may help explain Malaysia’s dwindling FDIs. 

Indonesia seems to be doing everything right in the past such as liberalizing its financial sector and also encouraging market reforms under President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. This year alone it managed to attract two mega FDIs to the tune of US$10 billion a piece. Malaysia’s Robert Kwok who had been forced to relinquished his sugar monopoly business in Malaysia is investing US10 billion into the palm oil plantation while Taiwan’s Foxconn is said to be pledging US10 billion to open a plant in South Jakarta next year to assemble Apple products such as iPods and PC. Another notable investment is Singapore’s DBS multi billion dollars acquisition of Bank Danamon this year.  

The upgrading of Indonesia’s Sovereign rating to ‘investment grade’ by Moody’s and Fitch does help in attracting further FDIs. Companies that are previously unable to invest in Indonesia due to the ratings constraint can now have the opportunity. In the first half of this year total FDI increased 28.1% year-on-year to Rp 107.6 trillion. According to its investment chief M. Chatib Basri ‘Indonesia can achieve a target of 206.8 trillion Rupiah in FDI this year which would easily topped 2011’s record of 175.3 trillion rupiah and Indonesia potential still can rise’. Another thing is that the total FDIs in Indonesia is actually bigger than reported because investments in the oil and gas and the banking sector is not included such as the DBS deal.

Why Malaysia lagged?

  1. Crony Capitalism still persists until today. Should Malaysia have taken the IMF path and with its austerity measures, crony capitalism in Malaysia would have come to an end. With IMF’s austerity measures weak companies are forced to close down or be sold to foreign companies. There will be no more monopolies or duopolies in our economy. Bailouts will be out of the question and ‘creative destruction’ will work its way through the economy.
After more than 14 years since the Asian Financial Crisis, Malaysia still goes back to its old practice. Political cronies are controlling too much of the country’s wealth. The last time was Halim Saad’s Renong Group which had a market capitalization of RM 20 billion which collapse during the last crisis. Now it is Syed Mokhtar’s Group of companies which have its hands on most major business from car manufacturing to hotels in the country. The market capitalization of his group of companies is worth about RM 34 billion. This is why we have so many scandals in our country, we have cow-gate, prawn-gate, Water-gate, submarine-gate and the lists can go on and on. The number of scandals in this country will make Western countries scandals like Iran-gate, Libor-gate, subprime-gate and what have they seems like ‘a walk in the park’ . This is because anything less than RM1 billion is considered small change.

  1. Continued outflow of professionals to other foreign countries. This phenomenal is also known as ‘Brain Drain’ and the main cause is due to unequal opportunities. In Malaysia, to climb up the corporate ladder it is not what you know but who you know is that more important. In education more than 90% of the places in the tertiary education are allocated to the ‘Bumiputra’ and hence the chances for other minorities to enter universities are very slim even they have good grades. It must be noted that future economic growth depends on today’s investment in human capital. Singapore had a lot to thank Malaysia for its constant supply of high quality labor force from Malaysia. The Government is trying to balance the outflow of professionals by offering incentives to attract Malaysian talents abroad through Talent Corp failed miserably. It is reported that less than 1000 returned last year and many of those who came back earlier had also left.

  1. Flip Flop public policies. In Malaysia it is well known that new public policies are not ‘brain stormed first then implement’. Over here much to our delight, public policies are more of the ‘implement and try first’ kind of variety. This is the main reason for various public policy errors which not only defeat its purpose but also aided in the misallocation of public resources. Take for example even during my schooling days in the 1970s. I belonged to the first batch of students that did our school syllabus in the Malay language. Our government then converted the syllabus from English to Malay medium and we are required to take the SRP and SPM (year 7 & 9) examinations instead of the British LCE and MCE. Of course I don’t feel any difference until I furthered my study in Australia studying Economics. Imagine trying to understand terms like household income, yield curve, fiscal and monetary policies, inflation and etc in English coupled with the Aussie slang spoken by the lecturers. Heck ! It is like hell to me. I couldn’t find any reference book in Malay and so what I did was to get an English to Malay Dictionary as a reference and write down every single word that I don’t understand in Malay on the textbooks. Damn ! after a year or so, I became an expert  in the field of translation.

After almost two decades of trial and error in the ‘New Education System’ and also due to the fact that it only managed to produced non English speaking local graduates that is ‘not marketable’, the government finally reverted it back to the English medium. As of late due to political interference to encourage more usage of the ‘national language’ the government is again reverting the school syllabus back to Malay language. This is just one of the many Flip Flop policies implemented by our government and if I were to compile the list of all the flip-flop policies I think it will require a full article. One of the main reasons for the failure in the implementation of public policies in Malaysian is that its lawmakers are not staffed by qualified folks. Damn! We have doctors running the Transport Ministry and the Prime Minister’s Department, lecturers running the Finance Ministry, lawyers running the International Trade Ministry and so on. In Singapore all of their Ministers are graduates in their related fields.   

  1. Malaysia’s Shadow Banking System. It is operated by Illegal money lenders or loan sharks. There exists a secondary market for funds in Malaysia for people that are either black listed by the financial institutions or do not have enough collateral. It is similar to those shadow banking systems that operates all over Asia especially in China. In these markets borrowers are able to get loans with little or no collaterals from the money lenders. They are charged between 1-3% per month as interest.  

Some of these money lenders also double up as money launderers by acting as agents to transfer funds out of Malaysia. The customers only need to hand over their money and the bank account of the designated country. The money lender will then instruct his counterpart in the designated country to bank in the equivalent amount to that account. Such an arrangement will be a win-win situation for both the money lender and the sender because there are no accounting entries on the moneylender side and also there is no proof of money sent overseas by the sender. However this represents a ‘leakage’ in the economy and does not bodes well for the Malaysian economy. Or put it another way it is another form of ‘passive capital flight’. Since such transactions are not recorded in the Current Accounts, it may pose a threat to the country's future economic growth through the reduction in the Money Supply.


Malaysia’s competition in FDI

Malaysia’s short and long term goal of attracting more FDIs in the future will have to face more competition from the ‘frontier markets’ in the North. Countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar are also opening their markets to foreigners. China recently has been a big player in those countries by moving many of its labor intensive and uncompetitive industries over there. Wages have been increasing in China and it is losing its competitive edge. It had to move up its value chain by investing in more value added industries and relocating its labor intensive industries to its southern neighbors is the logical thing to do.

Myanmar is the next country to watch due to its young population, vast natural resources, untapped market and also the large and educated workforce.Currently its investment landscape is dominated by a group known as the 'Biz15'. Members of this group include the relatives and cronies of the military juntas.and is known to control more than 70% of the economy. Eventually anybody or companies for that matter that want to do business in Myanmar will need to tie-up with this group for market access and also to do away with all the bureaucracy.  

Recently the military juntas in Myanmar seem to be moving in the right direction. There are opening up their market albeit slowly and also at the same time implementing market reforms. Last year a record of US$20 billion worth of FDI is pledged. Coca cola and Heineken which left the country since 1986 and 1987 respectively are making a comeback at the end of this year. Standard Chartered and a group of Thai Banks are planning to open representative offices and a Thai led US$8 billion deep sea port project is under way. Myanmar seems to be one of the last frontiers to open up for investment after CUBA and North Korea. It is one of the three countries that Coca Cola had no presence.

Anyway Myanmar’s economy is ready for an ‘economic takeoff’ if the right policies are put into place. Due to the Western economic sanctions (to be lifted end of the year) imposed, its economy is much left on its own. But things are starting to change with its first budget tabled earlier this year and also efforts have been made to restructure its currency. Its exchange rate system is complex due to its restrictions, the old system had four different currencies that contribute to increased transaction costs. Already efforts have been made to modernize its financial sector, infrastructure and also the industrialization process. If the investment climate is condusive and investor friendly, its economic growth will see double digit growth instead of the present 5%.With an estimated GDP of just US50 billion and compared to Thailand’s US348 billion, it will have a lot to catch up.

Can Malaysia’s capital control be copied?

There are some quarters especially from the Malaysian side argued that their way of implementing capital control cannot be carbon copied to other economies.  They added that it is only unique to Malaysia. Well if the following conditions are met, I am sure it can be carbon copied but not up to 100%.


  1. Authoritarian Government
  2. Debt/GDP lower than 50%
  3. Strong external sector
  4. A diversified economy

Anyway at present in view of the deteriorating global financial and economic conditions with slowing growth in China’s exports and other emerging economies like Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and also Malaysia, any sign of a sustainable rebound in the economy is not likely until at least by next year. The thing that most people feared will be the deepening of the European and American financial crisis. With no end in sight after two rounds of capital injection there is a possibility that things might turn for the worse. So how do ordinary folks insulate themselves from the coming crisis?

What should we do?

Another event of late that happened without many people noticing is the ‘reverse flow’ of physical gold from central banks around the world. For the past 20 years or so, central banks around the world are net sellers of gold but since last year there are net buyers of gold. According to World Gold Council, between April and June this year central banks around the world bought a total of 157.5 tons. This represents a 138% increased quarter on quarter compared to last year. Central Bank of Kazakhstan and Russia added 5.4 and 22.3 tonnes respectively. Traditionally, gold had always been the safe haven investment of choice during troubled times. Ever since the debasement of currencies and also the looming systemic financial system collapse, it now provides more reasons to own gold.

Gold is now seen not only as a source of collateral for loans but also act as a venue for Centrals Banks to diversify their foreign reserves. Instead of depending on building up their foreign reserves with US$ or Euros and risked being devalued, they now accumulate physical gold to counter that.

Debt Resetting

Another reason for the accumulation of gold by Central Banks is that there are seeing something that we don’t. Legendary investor Soros is reportedly selling all his banking shares and converting them into gold investments. Even John Paulson, who made more than US20 billion by betting against the housing boom is diversifying more than 60% of his funds into gold. Big Money had been manipulating the gold price through the futures market like LME and CME to keep them low so that they can accumulate physical gold on the cheap.

There will come a time when they have accumulated enough gold and then without any notice they will push the price of gold 'through the roof'. At the meantime the dollar will further devalued due to the ‘capital flight’ to gold. By that time Central Banks and Big Money will start liquidating their physical gold holdings to sterilize their debts or in other words there will be a ‘resetting of debts’. After that they will be solvent and continue the vicious cycle of debt accumulation-plundering-bailouts again. So isn’t it time for folks like us to liquidate our ‘paper investments’ to start accumulate physical gold?